Voyager 1

Mission

Kind: Outer planetary, heliosphere, and interstellar medium exploration

State: Successful

Place: Jupiter

Operator: NASA / Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Date

Start:

Duration: 42 years, 11 months, 18 days elapsed Planetary mission: 3 years, 3 months, 9 days Interstellar mission: 39 years, 8 months, 10 days elapsed

Mission Ending

"Life's like a movie, write your own ending. Keep believing, keep pretending." - Jim Henson

Rocket

Rocket: Titan IIIE

Kind: NASA / Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Manufacturer: Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Mass: 825.5 kg (1,820 lb)

Launch Site: Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 41

Flyby

1º Flyby: Jupiter

2º Flyby: Saturn

3º Flyby: Titan (atmosphere study)

Orbit

"You’re going very fast when you’re on orbit, going around the world once every hour and a half." - Robert Crippen

Lander

"The journey, not the arrival, matters; the voyage, not the landing." - Paul Theroux

Voyager 1 is a space probe that was launched by NASA on September 5, 1977. Part of the Voyager program to study the outer Solar System, Voyager 1 was launched 16 days after its twin, Voyager 2. Having operated for 42 years, 11 months and 18 days as of August 24, 2020, the spacecraft still communicates with the Deep Space Network to receive routine commands and to transmit data to Earth. Real-time distance and velocity data is provided by NASA and JPL. At a distance of 149.39 AU (22.3 billion km, 13.9 billion mi) from Earth as of July 26, 2020, it is the most distant man-made object from Earth. The probe's objectives included flybys of Jupiter, Saturn, and Saturn's largest moon, Titan. Although the spacecraft's course could have been altered to include a Pluto encounter by forgoing the Titan flyby, exploration of the moon took priority because it was known to have a substantial atmosphere. Voyager 1 studied the weather, magnetic fields, and rings of the two planets and was the first probe to provide detailed images of their moons. As part of the Voyager program, like its sister craft Voyager 2, the spacecraft is in an extended mission to locate and study the regions and boundaries of the outer heliosphere, and to begin exploring the interstellar medium. Voyager 1 crossed the heliopause and entered interstellar space on August 25, 2012, making it the first spacecraft to do so. Two years later, Voyager 1 began experiencing a third "tsunami wave" of coronal mass ejections from the Sun, that has continued to at least December 15, 2014, further confirming that the probe is indeed in interstellar space. In a further testament to the robustness of Voyager 1, the Voyager team tested the spacecraft's trajectory correction maneuver (TCM) thrusters in late 2017 (the first time these thrusters had been fired since 1980), a project enabling the mission to be extended by two to three years. Voyager 1's extended mission is expected to continue until about 2025 when its radioisotope thermoelectric generators will no longer supply enough electric power to operate its scientific instruments.